Contents
Chapter Objectives/Student Learning Outcomes 1
PHP 55+, PHP 7+, and PHPNET 1
PHP 56+ and PHP 7+ 8
Do It 8
PHP, JavaScript, CSS, HTML, and Apache Web Server 9
Do It 13
PHP, Apache, and MySQL 14
Do It 18
Putting it All Together—PHP, Apache, and MySQL 18
EasyPHP 18
XAMPP 22
Microsoft Internet Information Server 24
Do It 25
Testing Your Environment 25
Testing Your Administration Environment 25
Do It 27
Testing Your PHP Environment 28
EasyPHP’s Code Classroom 30
Do It 30
Alias Directories 30
Do It 33
Notepad++, Editors, and Code Testers 33
Notepad++ 34
Other Editors 34
Do It 35
Chapter Terms 35
Chapter Questions and Projects 35
Chapter Objectives/Student Learning Outcomes 39
PHP Platforms and Containers 39
PHP PC Applications 40
PHP Smart Phone Applications 40
PHP Facebook and Other Social Applications 40
Do It 41
PHP, AJAX, and CSS—Web Applications 47
PHP, AJAX, and CSS—Smart Phone Web Applications 52
PHP Three-Tier Architecture 57
Do It 58
Interface Tier 59
Do It 60
Business Rules Tier 61
Do It 62
Data Tier 63
Do It 64
Putting It All Together 64
Case Study 65
Do It 69
MVC and Dependency Injection 70
Chapter Terms 70
Chapter Questions and Projects 71
Chapter Objectives/Student Learning Outcomes 77
PHP Libraries, Extensions, Classes, and Objects 77
PHP Extensions 78
Classes and Objects 79
Creating a PHP Class 79
Do It 84
Return Method 84
Do It 86
Set Methods 87
Do It 93
Get Methods 93
Do It 96
Constructor Method 96
Do It 101
Chapter Terms 101
Chapter Questions and Projects 102
Chapter Objectives/Student Learning Outcomes 109
Secured User Interaction 110
HTML5 Form Validation 110
Do It 113
JavaScript Validation 114
Do It 120
PHP Filtering 120
Do It 123
Additional HTML Input Security 123
HTML5 Select List Box and Radio Buttons 124
Do It 128
Validating Input with an XML File 128
Dependency Injection 135
Do It 147
Chapter Terms 147
Chapter Questions and Projects 148
Chapter Objectives/Student Learning Outcomes 153
Handling Exceptions 153
Do It 160
Exception and Error Handling vs If/Else Conditions 160
Do It 167
Logging Exceptions 167
Do It 173
Reading Log and Text Files 174
Do It 182
Chapter Terms 182
Chapter Questions and Projects 183
■■Chapter 6: Data Objects 187
Chapter Objectives/Student Learning Outcomes 187
The Data Class 187
JSON Data 197
MySQL Data 197
Do It 199
Backup and Recovery 199
JSON Backup and Recovery 211
MySQL Backup and Recovery 211
Do It 214
Connecting the Data Tier 214
Do It 219
Chapter Terms 220
Chapter Questions and Projects 220
■■Chapter 7: Authentication 223
Chapter Objectives/Student Learning Outcomes 223
Verification and Sessions 223
JSON Data 232
MySQL Data 232
Do It 233
Registration 233
JSON Data 236
MySQL Data 237
Logging In 237
JSON Data 242
MySQL Data 242
Change Password 243
JSON Data 246
MySQL Data 246
Do It 246
Chapter Terms 247
Chapter Questions and Projects 247
Chapter Objectives/Student Learning Outcomes 249
The Complete Application 249
Data Handling Using JavaScript 249
Do It 263
Updating, Deleting, and Inserting in the Interface Tier 263
Do It 270
Updating, Deleting, and Inserting in the Business Rules Tier 270
Do It 276
Final Touches 276
Do It 284
ABC Canine Shelter Reservation System Logical Design 285
Limitations 285
Chapter Terms 287
Chapter Questions and Projects 287
Index 289
Introduction
Learn PHP 7: Object-Oriented Modular Programming using HTML5, CSS3, JavaScript, XML, JSON, and MySQL is intended for use as a beginning level programming book. It is not the goal of this book to cover advanced techniques in the current versions of the PHP programming language. Some knowledge of general programming concepts is expected but no actual programming experience or education is assumed.
All code examples in this book are compatible with PHP 7. Most examples are compatible with PHP 5.6. The newest (as of the publication date) methods (functions) available in PHP have been used to provide the reader with the most current coding techniques. The examples use core methods provided in the PHP language. PHP includes many additional methods to accomplish similar tasks. The reader may, and should, research additional ways of improving security, performance, and other techniques. It is the goal of this book to prompt users to always consider using the most secure and efficient methods of program development.
The code in this book provides some examples of using these techniques. The user should remember that no program is 100% secure. The programmer can only strive to make an application as secure as possible. It takes a team of developers, network personnel, security administrators, data center personnel, and others working together to provide the safest environment.
A Different Approach
There are quite a number of PHP books on the market today. What makes this book any different than any other?
• This book uses the concept of “learning by doing,” which shows the reader how to develop applications with conditional statements, loops, arrays, and methods. Over 70 PHP methods (functions) are introduced and demonstrated in coding examples.
• From the very first examples, the reader is introduced to object-oriented programming techniques. Many other books only briefly cover OO programming (if at all) in the final chapters.
• Object-oriented set methods are used to verify and filter user input. Many other books simply show a set method accepting data and storing it.
• A major objective of the book is to convince the reader to create all programs as secure and efficient as possible. The newest password encryption techniques (password_hash) are demonstrated.
• The try and catch methods are introduced to capture exceptions and some errors. The newest versions of PHP have been created to handle exceptions and errors using this approach. Many other books use die or other techniques to shut down a program.
• Multi-tier program design is introduced in the early chapters. This allows the reader to discover what logic and coding should take place in each tier. Many PHP books do not even cover this topic.
• The majority of the examples in the book are used to develop one main application (ABC Canine Shelter Reservation System). As the book progresses, the application is built from the beginning, in stages, showing the reader that application development should be broken into stages. Only after each stage is completed and tested, can the next stage begin. This approach works hand in hand with multi-tier design. Additional programming exercises and a term project are provided to enhance the understanding of development.
• The creation of user, change, and error logs are introduced. This allows the reader to gain an understanding of how to provide backup and recovery ability to keep an application functioning properly when security breaches or exceptions occur.
• The introduction of data objects and the data tier demonstrates to the reader the importance of creating an application that provides the ability to change data storage techniques and data storage location without requiring a major rewrite of the application. XML, JSON, and MySQL examples are provided.
• A natural relationship between PHP, HTML5, CSS3, and JavaScript is demonstrated throughout the book. This relationship is one of the major strengths of PHP.
• Throughout the book, web links are provided to point the user to additional resources to help understand the material or to dig deeper into the subject matter. Updates to link locations are provided on the book’s web site.
Chapter Overview
Chapter 1: An Introduction to PHP 7
After completing this chapter, the student will be able to:
• Understand the difference between LAMP, WAMP, and MAMP
• Successfully install a version of LAMP, WAMP, or MAMP
• Search the Internet for troubleshooting problems
• Explain the difference between a programming language and a scripting language
• Create an error-free simple PHP program
After completing this chapter, the student will be able to:
• Give examples of platforms or containers that can host PHP programs
• Create a simple, dynamic web application using PHP
• Explain three-tier design and determine what is contained in each tier
• Design a three-tier application
• Explain each step of the program development life cycle (PDLC)
• Define and explain MVC and dependency injection
After completing this chapter, the student will be able to:
• Create an error-free simple objected-oriented (OO) modular PHP program
• Create a PHP class and make an instance of the class (object)
• Create an OO PHP encapsulated program, including get and set methods
• Create PHP methods (functions) that accept parameters and return information
• Create PHP public and private properties (variables)
• Import existing PHP code from another file or library into a program
• Validate information received using ternary (conditional) operators
Chapter 4: Secure User Interfaces
After completing this chapter, the student will be able to:
• Explain why user input must be validated in the interface and business rules tiers
• Explain why user input must be filtered in the business rules tier
• Use HTML5 code to validate user input
• Use JavaScript code to validate user input
• Use PHP if statements (conditional statements) to validate and filter input
• Use foreach loops to dynamically create an HTML select box from an XML file
• Use simple arrays for filtering and validation
• Pass simple arrays into methods (functions)
• Understand how to use dependency injection to control code version changes
After completing this chapter, the student will be able to:
• Explain the difference between errors and exceptions
• Create a PHP program that can handle general exceptions
• Create a PHP program that can create, raise, and handle user exceptions
• Explain and use a switch and/or embedded if/else statement
• Create a PHP program that uses the while loop and/or the for loop
• Create a program that reads/updates a text file using a two-dimensional array
• Create a PHP program that logs exceptions and e-mails support personnel
Chapter 6: Data Objects
After completing this chapter, the student will be able to:
• Create a data class that inserts, updates, and deletes XML or JSON data
• Explain how to create a data class that updates MySQL Data using a SQL Script
• Create a PHP program that creates a change backup log
• Create a PHP program that can recover data from a previous backup
• Apply changes to create up-to-date valid information
• Use dependency injection to attach a data class to another class in the BR tier
• Create a three-tier PHP application
Chapter 7: Authentication
After completing this chapter, the student will be able to:
• Define sessions and explain how sessions are used for authentication
• Create a PHP program that authenticates user logon
• Create a PHP program that register users
• Create a PHP program that will allow users to change passwords
• Create a PHP program that logs invalid login attempts
Chapter 8: Multifunctional Interfaces
After completing this chapter, the student will be able to:
• Create a complete PHP application that deletes, updates, and inserts data
• Create a professional look to a completed application using CSS
• Use JavaScript to accept and manipulate data from another program
• Secure all programs within an application requiring user IDs/passwords
• Populate HTML objects with values from a JSON object
